Le mouvement respiratoire en Imagerie Fonctionnelle du Cancer: une revue des effets et des méthodes de correction
Respiratory motion on Functional Imaging in Oncology: a review of the effects and correction methodologies
OPEN ACCESS
A number of different parameters inherent in the PET detection process are contributing to a reduction in the quantitative accuracy of PET images. On the other hand, patient motion during imaging has been shown to cause significant artefacts leading to reduced image quality and quantitative accyracy. These effects are particularly important during imaging in thorax and abdomen where physiological motion associated with cardiac, respiratory and GI tract is significant. Respiratory motion effects in emission tomography imaging lead to a loss of sensitivity in the detection of disease as a result of the associated blurring. Furthermore, respiration causes significant changes in the volumes and activity concentrations of tumours predominantly in the lower thorax and upper abdomen, influencing this way the quantitative accuracy of PET images and subsequently its progress in new application domains such as radiotherapy treatment planning and therapy monitoring. Research in the area of respiratory motion detection and correction especially for emission tomography applications has grown significantly over the last few years. Proposed methodologies to correct for the respiratory motion are based on dynamic gated acquisitions. Furthermore image reconstruction algorithms incorporating respiratory motion compensation have been recently developed. The objectives of this paper are to present a review of current techniques in respiratory motion correction and detection for emission tomography, with a particular focus on oncology applications and PET imaging.
Résumé
De nombreux paramètres inhérents à la détection en Tomographie par Emission de Positons (TEP) influent sur la qualité des images. Le mouvement du patient pendant l'examen produit également d'importants artefacts qui réduisent la qualité des images. Ces effets sont particulièrement importants lors de l'imagerie du thorax et de l'abdomen où on ne peut s'affranchir des mouvements physiologiques du coeur et des poumons. Le mouvement respiratoire produit en particulier un bruit qui réduit la sensibilité de détection des lésions. De plus, la respiration modifie les volumes et les concentrations d'activité des tumeurs essentiellement dans le bas du thorax et le haut de l'abdomen, influençant ainsi les données quantitatives des images TEP reconstruites. La recherche dans le domaine de la détection et de la correction des mouvements respiratoires pour des applications en tomographie d'émission est très réactive. Les méthodologies généralement proposées pour corriger le mouvement respiratoire sont basées sur l'utilisation d'acquisitions dynamiques synchronisées sur la respiration. Néanmoins récemment de nouveaux algorithmes de reconstruction permettant de compenser les effets du mouvement respiratoire ont vu le jour. Les objectifs de cette étude sont de faire une revue des méthodologies actuelles dans le domaine de la compensation du mouvement respiratoire en tomographie d'émission, tout en portant un accent particulier sur les applications oncologiques et de l'imagerie TEP.
Positron emission tomography, respiratory motion, motion correction techniques
mots clés
Tomographie par emission de positons, mouvement respiratoire, méthodes de correction de mouvement
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