OPEN ACCESS
The article looks at how taxes influence the tax payers’ decision as to whether to own and use commercial passenger vehicles. Types of taxes and fees imposed on the purchase and operation of road passenger transport as a business are described in detail. Substantiation is provided for an idea that it might be useful to introduce a classification that divides taxes into fixed, variable and operation categories with regard to the intensity of commercial passenger vehicle use. The study examines the share of different taxes in the cost of owning and running a commercial passenger vehicle. Calculations are done for the amount of fixed transport taxes per day of owning a vehicle regardless of the intensity of use. A conclusion is made that the total amount of all taxes grows in absolute values for vehicles with a bigger seating capacity, but declines per passenger-kilometer of travel. A conclusion is made that the total amount of all taxes on the use of road passenger transport is much lower than the amount of taxes paid on transporting passengers by car. The goal of this study is to design a method of analyzing the fiscal value of taxes in the cost of owning and operating road passenger transport in Russia.
cost of owning, fixed, passenger transport, transport taxation, variable and operating taxes
[1] De Borger, B. & Mayeres, I., Optimal taxation of car ownership, car use and public transport: insights derived from a discrete choice numerical optimization model. European Economic Review, 51, pp. 1177–1204, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2006.08.004
[2] Litman, T., Transportation Cost and Benefit Analysis: Techniques, Estimates and Implications. Executive Summary, 2nd edn., Victoria Transport Policy Institute, Victoria, p. 238, 2009.
[3] Walker, J., The Acceptability of Road Pricing, Royal Automobile Club Foundation, p. 134, 2011.
[4] Coase, R., The problem of social cost. Journal of Law and Economics. 3(1), pp. 1–44, 1960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/466560
[5] Mayburov, I. & Leontyeva, Y., Reducing the negative impact of motor transport on the environment: prospects for the use of fiscal instruments in Russia. Proceeding of the Conference Air Pollution 2014, eds. C.A. Brebbia, WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, WIT Press, UK, 186, pp. 863–874, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/esus140771
[6] Abramovic, B., Analysis of the mobility of railway passenger transport in small urban areas. Proceeding of the Conference Urban Transport XXI 2015, eds. C.A. Brebbia, WIT Transactions on the Built of Environment, WIT Press, UK, 164, pp. 665–675, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut150541
[7] Russo, F., Rindone, C., D`Agostino, P., Lanciano, C. & Scattarreggia, T., A city logistic system for long distance freight transport provisioning. Proceeding of the Conference Urban Transport XXI 2015, eds. C.A. Brebbia, WIT Transactions on the Built of Environment, WIT Press, UK, 146, pp. 279–291, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut150221
[8] De Maio, M.L. & Vitetta, A., Route choice on road transport system: a fuzzy approach. Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy System, 28(5), pp. 2015–2027, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/IFS-141375