A case study of geothermal resources use for the innovative aquaculture from perspective of syntropic development concept

A case study of geothermal resources use for the innovative aquaculture from perspective of syntropic development concept

Leszek Świątek

West-Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland

Page: 
60-69
|
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.2495/EQ-V5-N1-60-69
Received: 
N/A
| |
Accepted: 
N/A
| | Citation

© 2020 IIETA. This article is published by IIETA and is licensed under the CC BY 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

OPEN ACCESS

Abstract: 

Geothermal energy is developing with high progress to provide clean energy production standards at a world-wide scale. These projects are characterized with high risk level associated with drilling methods, resource existence, uncertain heat water temperature and its chemistry. The risk mitigation scenarios are crucial to avoid investment failure. Presented paper is a case study of geothermal investment in Trzęsacz, located in the Baltic coastline in Poland, where predicted heat water (38°C) was planned to be used for leisure, swimming and balneological purposes. The final effect of test drilling was disruptive. Thermal water has temperature 27°C and is not enough to fulfill needs of planned water park facilities and hot springs recreational proposals. The concept had to be revised. The amount of wasted water and embodied energy were recognized as a high entropy problem. In the spirit of syntropic development model, an idea to consume unwanted geothermal water and to treat it as useful local resource for aquaculture purposes was taken into consideration. That way the Jurassic Salmon Farm realization in Janowo in 2015, the first in the world salmon fishery based on geothermal resources, became an inspiration for future fishery deliberation, the fastest growing food sector globally. The Farm was realized 5 km from operating geothermal well, supported with EU funds and research programme led by West – Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin. The greenfield investment powered by renewable energy, based on biosafety and industrial ecology rules is an example of the 21st century bioculture. This one moved to urban areas may comply with broad sense to the city  aquaculture, aquaponics or urban agriculture, with improvement of the risk reduction strategy in geothermal energy investments. This is the potential to be used by local communities, which can favor synergy effect on the way to regenerative design and syntropic development model.

Keywords: 

geothermal energy development, syntropy, sustainable aquaculture, regenerative design, risk mitigation

  References

[1] Book: Newman, P., Beatley, T., Boyer, H., Resilient Cities, Second Edition: Overcoming Fossil Fuel Dependence, Island Press; Second Edition, Washington, p. 157, 2017.

[2] Book: Pelorosso, R., Gobattoni, F., Leone, A., Reducing Urban Entropy Employing Nature-Based Solutions: The Case of Urban Storm Water Management in: Papa, R., Fistola, R., Gargiulo, C. (eds.) Smart Planning: Sustainability and Mobility in the Age of Change, Springer International Publishing AG, p. 37, 2018.

[3] Journal article: Vargiu, J., Editor of Synthesis 1 (Introduction to article by Szent-Györgyi). Synthesis 1, 1(1), p. 14, 1977.

[4] Book: Scaruffi, P., Thinking about Thought: A Primer on the New Science of Mind, Writers Club Press, New York, p. 280, 2003.

[5] Book: Baldwin, J., Bucky Works: Buckminster Fuller’s Ideas Today, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, pp.226–227, 1996.

[6] Book: Birkeland, J., Positive Development: From Vicious Circles to Virtuous Cycles through Built Environment Design, Earthscan, London, 2008.

[7] Journal article: Świątek, L., Akwakultura Miejska – model integracji kapitału i wiedzy w przestrzeni komunalnej – Natura 4.0. The City Aquaculture – capital and knowledge integration model in municipal development – Nature 4.0., PUA Przestrzeń Urbanistyka Architektura, Vol. 1, Wydawnictwo PK, Kraków, 2017. doi:10.4467/00000000PUA.17.019.7137

[8] Book: Bregnballe J. A., Guide to Recirculation Aquaculture. An introduction to the new environmentally friendly and highly productive closed fish farming systems, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), EUROFISH International Organisation; 2015.

[9] Online sources: Jurassic Salmon sp. z o.o. Online, http://jurassicsalmon.pl. Accessed on: 12 Jul. 2016.

[10] Book: Neudörfer F. Sustainable Fish Aquaculture. in: Schultz-Zehden, A., Matczak, M., (eds.) Submariner Compendium. An Assessment of Innovative and Sustainable Uses of Baltic Marine Resources, Maritime Institute in Gdańsk, pp. 204–230, 2012.

[11] Book: Vinci, BJ., North American Perspective on Land Based Aquaculture: Past. Present & Future, The Conservation Fund Freshwater Institute, Shepherdstown, 2015.

[12] Online sources: Kowalski M. Land based salmons from Poland. Jurassic Salmon, Szczecin 2015, Online, http://www.ccb.se. Accessed on: 23 Jun.2016.

[13] Technical specification: Świątek, L., Description for the Building Project of the production hall in Janowo for the company Jurassic Salmon, AKCENT Pracownia Projektowa, Szczecin, 2013.

[14] Conference: Świątek, L., From Industry 4.0 to Nature 4.0 – Sustainable Infrastructure Evolution by Design. In: Charytonowicz J., Falcão C. (eds) Advances in Human Factors, Sustainable Urban Planning and Infrastructure. AHFE 2018. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 788. Springer, Cham, 2019. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94199-8_42

[15] Research report: Sadowski, J., The use of saline geothermal water for fish hatching and ongrowing, ZUT Szczecin, 2015.

[16] Online sources: Piątek, Z., Czym jest przemysł 4.0.? Online, http://przemysl-40.pl. Accessed on: 28 Mar.2017.