OPEN ACCESS
The corrosion electric field around the surface of stainless steel under tensile stress is addressed through the experiment and simulation. When the stress is applied, the passive film is locally damaged on the grain boundaries causing microscopic stress and strain concentrations. In a corrosive environment, the plastic strain induced by the strain concentration breaks the passive film and generates a new surface without the passive film. This causes a galvanic corrosion between the intact surface with passive film and the damaged surface without passive film. The effect of stress on the polarization curve was observed by electrochemical and mechanical experiments, and we found that the spontaneous potential decreased as the applied stress increased. To evaluate the electrochemical property of stressed stainless steel, the electric field analysis is formulated by the boundary element method (BEM) with the damaged passive film model and the empirical polarization curve model.
boundary element method, electrochemistry, nonlinear boundary, passive film, potential problem, stainless steel, stress corrosion
[1] Revie, R.W. & Uhlig, H.H., Corrosion and Corrosion Control, 4th edn., John Wiley & Sons: New Jersey, pp. 92–96, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470277270
[2] Wagner, C., Contribution to the theory of cathodic protection. Journal of the Electro-chemical Society, 99(1), pp. 1–12, 1952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2779653
[3] Waber, J.T., Mathematical studies on galvanic corrosion: I. Coplanar electrodes with negligible polarization. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 101(6), pp. 271–276, 1954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2781244
[4] Strømmen, R.D., Computer modeling of offshore cathodic protection systems: method and experience. Computer Modeling in Corrosion, ASTM STP 1154, ed. R.S. Munn, American Society for Testing and Materials: Philadelphia, pp. 229–247, 1992.
[5] Adey, R.A. & Niku, S.M., Computer modeling of corrosion using the boundary element method. Computer Modeling in Corrosion, ASTM STP 1154, ed. R.S. Mnn, American Society for Testing and Materials: Philadelphia, pp. 248–264, 1992.
[6] De Giorgi, V.G., Thomas II, E.D. & Kaznoff, A.I., Numerical simulation of impressed current cathodic protection (ICPP) systems using boundary element methods. Com-puter Modeling in Corrosion, ASTM STP 1154, ed. R.S. Munn, American Society for Testing and Materials: Philadelphia, pp. 265–276, 1992.
[7] Aoki, S. & Kishimoto, K., Prediction of galvanic corrosion rates by the boundary ele-ment method. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 15(3–5), pp. 11–22, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0895-7177(91)90049-D
[8] Aoki, S. & Amaya, K., Optimization of cathodic protection system by BEM. Engineer-ing Analysis with Boundary Elements, 19(2), pp. 147–156, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0955-7997(97)00019-2
[9] Butler, B.M., Kassab, A.J., Chopra, M.B. & Chaitanya, V., Boundary element model of electrochemical dissolution with geometric non-linearities. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 34(8), pp. 714–720, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2010.03.007
[10] Butler, B.M., Chopra, M.B., Kassab, A.J. & Chaitanya, V., Boundary element model for electrochemical dissolution under externally applied low level stress. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 37(6), pp. 977–987, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2013.03.010
[11] Darowicki, K., Orlikowski, J., Arutunow, A. & Jurczak, W., The effect of tensile stress-es on aluminium passive layer durability. Electrochemica Acta, 51(27), pp. 6091–6096, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2005.12.054