Dynamics Difference Between the Reactions of γ-Al2O3 Modified Al Powder and Pure Al Powder with Water
OPEN ACCESS
Previous results indicated that γ-Al2O3 modified Al powder continuously reacted with water and generated hydrogen under ambient condition, pure Al powder continuously reacted with water at a temperature of > 40°C under a low vacuum. In this work, the dynamics comparison between the reactions of γ-Al2O3 modified Al powder and pure Al powder with water under the same condition, i.e. at 55°C under an initial vacuum of 0.03 bar, was performed. It was found that the reaction dynamics difference between two types of Al powders is just at the initial stage of the reaction. There is an obvious longer induction time for the initiation of the reaction of pure Al powder with water than that of modified Al powder. This difference probably originates from a lower tensile strength of the Al surface passive oxide films in the modified Al powder, leading to a lower critical breakage gas pressure in H2 bubbles at Al:Al2O3 interface.
[1] L. Schlapbach, A. Züttel, Nature, 414, 353 (2001).
[2] Z.Y. Deng, J.M.F. Ferreira, Y. Sakka, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 91, 3825 (2008).
[3] A. Züttel, Mater. Today, 6, 24 (2003).
[4] H.Z. Wang, D.Y.C. Leung, M.K.H. Leung, M. Ni, Renew. Sust. Energy. Rev., 13, 845 (2009).
[5] J. Skrovan, A. Alfantazi, T. Troczynski, J. Appl. Electrochem., 39, 1695 (2009).
[6] B. Alinejad, K. Mahmoodi, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 34, 7934 (2009).
[7] E. Czech, T. Troczynski, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 35, 1029 (2010).
[8] L. Soler, J. Macanás, M. Muñoz, J. Casado, J. Power Sources, 169, 144 (2007).
[9] O.V. Kravchenko, K.N. Semenenko, B.M. Bulychev, K.B. Kalmykov, J. Alloys Compd., 397, 58 (2005).
[10] Z.Y. Deng, Y.F. Liu, Y. Tanaka, J.H. Ye, Y. Sakka, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 88, 977 (2005).
[11] Z.Y. Deng, J.M.F. Ferreira, Y. Tanaka, J.H. Ye, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 90, 1521 (2007).
[12] K. Hara, K. Sayama, H. Arakawa, J. Photoch. Photobio. A: Chem., 128, 27 (1999).
[13] Z.Y. Deng, T. Fukasawa, M. Ando, G.J. Zhang, T. Ohji, Acta Mater., 49, 1939 (2001).