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The article establishes a framework for understanding human existence as a moral endeavor. However, human society has a division between truth and lies, good and evil, and justice and injustice; people are discriminated against by money, threatening the sustainable development of humanity; the question is, how can humanity develop sustainably? To clarify this purpose, the author uses qualitative methods to analyze, synthesize, compare, and contrast the moral life of species, in which human philosophy and social philosophy are used as the methodology. The results affirm the development process from survival instinct to a complex system of social values towards sustainable development through the foundation of morality. However, in modern society, morality is increasingly dominated by social products, especially goods and money, leading to a situation where morality is misunderstood and exposed, causing a part of society to be deformed. The article concludes that survival instinct is the daily basis of all life, but social factors, products, and goods strongly affect the sustainable development of humanity. While competition is driven by money, ethical considerations emphasize cooperation and dialogue in performing social roles to achieve sustainable development.
morality, truth, norms, money, species, sustainable development
In today's world, when resources are increasingly depleted, climate change is increasingly complex, social problems are piling up, and sustainable development is becoming more urgent. To achieve this goal, people must pay attention to economic growth and balance economic, social, and environmental factors. One of the core elements of sustainable development is human survival and well-being. When talking about the survival of fellow human beings, people refer to the fundamental right of each person to live and enjoy a healthy and dignified life, including ensuring food security, access to clean water, clean air, health care, and education. Ethics is an essential issue in ensuring the survival of fellow human beings. When people put the community's interests above theirs, it demonstrates ethics. It promotes social solidarity to build a fair society. To achieve the goal of sustainable development, each person must live honestly, creatively, and freely. Instead of focusing on maximizing resources, people must seek solutions to protect the environment and ensure social justice. Each individual can contribute to this process by saving energy and using environmentally friendly products. The survival of fellow human beings is the core value of sustainable development. By demonstrating ethics and responsibility, each person can build a better future.
The theoretical problem of human morality has always attracted the attention of thinkers. The thought of Jesus, one of the most influential figures in human history, promoted the spirit of love between people. Although he did not use the terms humanity, morality, or sustainable development, the core of this thought is reflected in the concepts of life and death, truth and falsehood, and good and evil. However, Jesus's thought is often approached from the perspective of religion, theology, metaphysics, or pure reason to find the original value and ultimate meaning of life, sometimes making the ideal of happiness far from reality and science. While modern science focuses on specific methods and practical issues, modern philosophy continues to pursue universal truths and profound meanings of life. Rational thinking helps people discover the root cause and ultimate purpose of phenomena. However, the overemphasis on pure reason has made philosophy increasingly distant from the reality of social issues. The rise of postmodernism reflects the frustration of many people with the limitations of modernism. However, the overemphasis on individual freedom in postmodernism also leads to isolation and loss of community spirit. Any philosophy that eliminates the goal of human survival and the maintenance of life makes life difficult to understand. Misunderstandings have eliminated each other in all forms, and philosophy, if not applied correctly, can become a tool against humanity itself. That is why "Philosophers have only interpreted the world in various ways, but the point is to change the world" [1].
Marx's thought is not a ready-made ideal but a living reality; it is the science of social life; the ultimate goal of science is to create products that serve the existence of humanity. However, under the ownership system, the state is built based on serving the interests and implementing the democracy of the ruling class. "Democracy is a form of government as a species concept. Monarchy is only one form of government and a bad one at that" [2]. The concept of "species" is used to distinguish the interests of human communities in the differentiation process; they fully represent a historical mode of production. The culmination of that mode of production takes man as its object. The differentiation in the process of human development is the diversification of forms of labor, especially when manual labor is separated from verbal labor. The products of the forms of labor become commodities for exchange and purchase. The purchase and sale transactions are not limited to material goods but extend to labor, language, behavior, knowledge, and norms. Theoretical sciences try to explain the meaning of the first cause and answer the values of the final results of nature, humanity, and society with different norms.
Norms become the objects of survival, making individuals carry the nature of each species. Norms become the force that governs individuals and the subjects that own individuals together. Parents and children own each other by tradition, the family species. Priests own each other by religious law, the religious species. Officials own each other by law, that is, the state species. Individuals who protect each other for survival are fellow species, that is, the suitable species. Each species has its own habits, and species are each other's living objects. The joint ownership between family, religion, state, company, and bank is reasonable. However, each individual is a human being; species become each other's living objects, creating different standards between truth and falsehood, good and evil, justice and injustice. Theories of norms protect the interests and survival of one species by depriving the interests and lives of another. Theories are no longer the science of morality, but political economy is the science of morality. Therefore, “Political economy remains the truly moral science, the most moral of all sciences. Its basic thesis is self-denial, the renunciation of life and all human needs” [3].
Human survival, however, is a matter of morality and individual liberty. Freedom is multifaceted, taking many forms, such as the freedom to work and worship. Despite their diversity, all of these forms of freedom have one thing in common: autonomy and the ability to make decisions about one's life. “Freedom is so inherent in man that even the enemies of freedom practice it; while opposing that practice, they wish to appropriate as the most precious ornament what they have rejected as the ornament of human nature” [2]. Each individual is a member of society; individual freedom must be understood as community freedom. Career freedom is not simply the right to choose a career but also to develop oneself and contribute to society. “Professional freedom is simply professional freedom, and no other freedom, because in this freedom the nature of the profession is formed without hindrance, according to the inner principle of its life” [2]. Therefore, liberty is comprehensive and humane. It emphasizes the importance of individual freedom and points out that it must be exercised in a democratic and egalitarian society. "Freedom of occupation, freedom of property, freedom of religion, freedom of the judiciary - all are different varieties of the same species, that is, of freedom in general, which has no particular name” [2].
However, the sad reality is that money has penetrated every aspect of human life so profoundly that people have become slaves to money. In a capitalist society, people use money to satisfy their material needs. They are dominated by the desire to own and accumulate wealth, leading to a situation where people are assimilated into money, becoming a tool to serve the interests of those with economic power. The relationship between people and money goes beyond the scope of commodity exchange. Money has also become a tool to measure the value of people and social relationships. “In credit relations, it is not money that man eliminates, but the man himself is transformed into money, or money is acquired, in man, in his body” [3]. Society respects and admires the rich, while the poor are despised and mistreated. The dominance of money has distorted social relations, turning people into objects of exploitation and exploitation. Existing species compete for suitable assets to protect interests. Transforming nature in all possible forms under the control of money has become the maximum exploitation of human resource potential, leading to an increasingly deep between the rich and the poor, and social injustice, ecological imbalance, war, and arms race still exist, warning of the severe consequences of letting money dominate life, causing unsustainable human development, and human security is not guaranteed. In capitalist society, people are often considered a means to achieve the goals of other species rather than the ultimate goal. Money, power, and social norms have turned people into "machines" that serve the interests of a few people. The polarization of wealth and social inequality has led people to see it as a commodity that can be bought and sold. “Humanity seems to have been broken down into a series of different types of animals, the relationship between which is determined not by equality, but by inequality, recorded in the law” [3].
However, the topic of "human survival is ethics to achieve sustainable development goals" has received increasing attention in the context of resource exploitation in the context of globalization; with the increasing importance of environmental protection and development, researchers have delved into the relationship between professional ethics and species' survival. This topic is of great significance because it clarifies the connection between ethics and the environment, contributes to the goal of sustainable development, and guides the professions. This study aims to describe the relationship between personal ethics, professional ethics, and environmental responsibility. This topic is closely related to sustainable development goals. The study will provide knowledge and practical information so that individuals and organizations can make more responsible decisions regarding the social environment while working and making profits in business. “Consequently, it is imperative to incorporate sustainable business growth into these enterprises” [4]. Current research on ethics has defined the scope of the problem and analyzed the influencing factors and the role of leadership in the social environment. Studies have shown the need for ethics in environmental imbalance, including related principles, values, and behaviors. Organizational culture and personal value systems have been studied to understand how they influence the ethical behavior of employees in management agencies.
The role of leadership in encouraging and maintaining ethical behavior in the social environment has been highlighted. Studies on human existence and ethics have systematized the impact of business activities, clarifying the role of enterprises, standards, and certifications. Studies have shown the clear negative impacts of business activities on human existence, from resource exploitation to environmental pollution. “By supporting campaigns that educate the public about environmental issues and the importance of green products, they can help create a more environmentally conscious society” [5]. Issues requiring further research include measuring and evaluating the effectiveness of ethical practices, the role of technology in promoting sustainable practices, international comparisons of good practices and challenges in promoting environmental ethics, and finally, the impact of unsustainable practices on disadvantaged groups and ways to reduce social injustice. "However, human activity and initiatives related to energy, transportation, building, and oil are the primary causes of climate change" [6]. There is a need to develop more effective assessment tools and methods to measure the impact of ethical activities on species survival. Species survival as a professional, ethical issue is a vibrant area of research. Potential future research directions include case studies to understand better the factors that promote or hinder environmentally ethical behavior; developing theoretical models to explain the relationships between individual, organizational, and environmental factors in the development of ethical behavior; using quantitative methods to measure and compare research results; and integrating interdisciplinary knowledge from fields such as ecology, economics to gain a more comprehensive view of the issue. In other words, it balances economic, environmental, and social factors.
One of the new points of this topic is the approach from the methodology of social philosophy and humanities. With this methodology, the content has shown that humans are both the subject and the object of cognition. The existence of humanity is the purpose, and the products created by society are to serve human life. However, when the product is the purpose, the individual becomes a means of society for different purposes. Each individual performs the natural survival function and carries out the mission in the division of social labor. At the same time, the article's content uses qualitative methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, contrast, and reversal to clarify that the survival of fellow human beings is ethical to achieve the goal of sustainable development. In particular, the reversal method describes human communication as a two-way relationship between the subject and the product. Communication is considered the highest form of human relationship with nature and society. The transformation of moral life is clarified through the system of philosophical categories such as cause and effect, necessity and freedom, ability and need, as well as means and ends in human moral life. People own, use, and decide each other in the existence and maintenance of their fellow human beings, becoming the difference in standards, money, and ownership between subjects and products harmoniously to achieve the goal of sustainable development.
4.1 Survival of the species
Life is a precious value; all forms of life are equally valuable. Life exists in the form of plants or animals, unicellular or multicellular, and biodiversity is natural. The lifestyle and survival instincts of species interact closely with each other. Grass-eating cows and carnivorous lions are typical examples of survival instincts. The existence of one species is often the condition for the existence of another species. In nature, there is no absolute concept of good and evil. Different species differ in biological structure, morphology, and characteristic behavior. The behavior of one species can create conditions for the existence of another species; they do not distinguish between good and evil. Good and evil mainly appear in the relationship between individuals of the same and other species. “Humans are different from other species; animals live by possessing the outside world, while humans live by their products" [7].
Humans are different from other species because each person lives by creating and using their products, while many other species live mainly on natural resources. Through creativity, each person is a producer and creates value for society. “In this journey into himself, and at the same time, the individual needs to consume for his subsistence, but also his search for identity expression, hedonic pleasure, or mere day-to-day functionality” [8]. Individual creativity can be divided into subjects and products. Products express individual abilities and contribute to creating value for the community, allowing many others to benefit. As free subjects, people can create and live by their products. This freedom comes with responsibility, meaning that each individual must be responsible for the impact of their creative products on society.
Both natural and human life are necessary, but human life, with creative freedom and personal responsibility, has brought humanity to the goal of sustainable development. Therefore, "human history is freedom; outside of it, there is nothing." [9]. Freedom and survival go hand in hand. When people satisfy each other's needs, they also affirm each other's right to live. Living is not only a right but also a responsibility; those who protect the lives of others are those who bring value to society.
On the contrary, destroying the lives of others is a condemnable act; the struggle for interests in the concept of life blurs the line between good and evil.
Every object in life has a specific value. In survival, humans use other species as food sources and tools. The concept of good and evil has yet to be formed. Humans hunt and exploit other species in many ways to ensure the survival of species. Humans once considered themselves masters of nature. However, gradually, many cultures have formed rules to protect certain species of animals and plants. "Animals and species are irresponsible, be liberty, while human life is free and responsible. Universal freedom is social freedom" [10]. These rules originate from the awareness of ecological balance and the importance of biodiversity. People realize that the existence of other species.
Nowadays, with the development of society, human needs are increasingly diverse. Consumption is to meet more than just basic needs. However, it also expresses personality and social status. Excessive and uncontrolled consumption can seriously affect the environment and society. The theme of human differences is not only superficial factors such as skin color, race, customs, and habits but also deeper factors such as social roles, living standards, and opportunities. Learning to live together is not only about reconciliation but also about respecting those differences.
"Learning to live together is competing with each other" is a narrow concept. Opposing lifestyles do not necessarily lead to conflict but can motivate each individual to improve himself. Ethics is not a set of rigid rules but a system of values formed from social relationships. Each individual is responsible for building and protecting that system of values. Happiness is not a destination but a journey to satisfy different joys. To achieve happiness, each person must respect himself and live according to his values. Trying to be someone else or living according to inappropriate standards will only make each person tired and unhappy. "The same trend was observed for subjective norms, which were positively and substantially connected to attitude and perceived behavior control” [11]. Life is a precious gift. Everyone should enjoy life by developing themselves and contributing to the community. Helping others is a duty and a way for each person to find the meaning of life.
No one is born with a predetermined career. Life and interests will gradually shape each person's career path. Diversity in occupations helps meet the diverse needs of society and creates a division of labor. Thanks to creativity, people develop products to serve material needs and build social relationships based on mutual support and cooperation. However, differences in occupations also mean differences in income and social status, which can lead to inequality and create a gap between classes. Competition for better opportunities is inevitable. Healthy competition promotes development, while unhealthy competition can lead to negative consequences.
Work ethics play an essential role in building a civilized society; each person must be aware of their responsibility towards work and the community; honesty and dedication are crucial qualities for success in any field; happiness is abstract but is often associated with the feeling of being recognized, contributing, and loved. Each person has different ways to find happiness. However, each person needs to live meaningfully and create positive social values. "From the beginning, he was a murderer. It did not stand for the truth because the truth was not in it. When he lies, he speaks according to his nature because he is a liar and the father of lies" [12].
Differences in goals and values between individuals and communities create diversity in perceptions of good and evil. The transition roles and goals in life often lead to conflicts. Good actions enrich life, promote social development, and protect the environment. Conversely, evil is actions that harm others, destroy the environment, and hinder the progress of fellow human beings. The line between good and evil is often unclear and easily confused. Greed, power, and selfishness can lead people to commit acts against their conscience. Creativity is the driving force behind social development but can lead to negative consequences if left unchecked. Competition and cooperation are inevitable but must be placed within the framework of norms. Norms are the compass that helps people distinguish between right and wrong, good and evil.
People need to respect differences, sympathize with the difficulties of others, and work together to find solutions to common problems to build a civilized society. Truth is the goal of all human activities, and sustainable development is the way to achieve that goal. The abundance and diversity of species, occupations, living standards, and pleasures make good and evil, justice and injustice relative in the context of globalization. In essence, ethics is about respecting truth. Instead of focusing on a clear distinction between good and evil, ethics encourages each person to seek an understanding of the nature of things and act honestly. Ethics is not a tool for achieving material success or social prestige but a foundation for building a meaningful life. Ethics does not teach each person to become rich, famous, or loved by everyone. Nor does it judge the less fortunate or those in difficult circumstances. Instead, ethics helps people recognize their values and live according to them. Ethics promotes honesty and transparency in all actions. People naturally avoid harmful behaviors when they are honest with themselves and others. Suffering often comes from lies and illusions. When people try to live a life that is not according to their nature, they will feel tired and unhappy. Ethics helps people face reality and find appropriate solutions to life's problems. “However, all of these milestones remain within the ethical and political dimensions, without a binding character" [13].
A moral person always strives for truth; instead of ethics protecting the truth, it is often exploited to justify and solve the truth about survival and species maintenance. The change between means and ends in ethical life has blurred the line between good and evil. Selfish thinking and altruistic thinking are two extremes in the concept of ethics. People are prone to selfish and unjust actions when they put themselves first. When they care too much about the interests of others, people can lose themselves. The balance of these two extremes is necessary to build a harmonious society; social institutions such as family, religion, and state all have their systems of ethical values; these value systems are often influenced by factors of power and interest, leading to conflict and antagonism. Good and evil exist not only in the family, religion, and state but also in the existence of humanity.
Protecting the survival of fellow human beings is good; therefore, protecting the environment for sustainable human development is good. Protecting the environment and living species is a manifestation of morality. On the contrary, indiscriminate exploitation of resources and environmental pollution are unethical behaviors. Deception and infidelity occur in personal relationships such as husband and wife and are common in social institutions such as family, religion, state, and business. Disputes between these roles usually lead to complex developments in social life. Money plays a vital role in modern society. However, overemphasizing money can lead to negative consequences such as inequality, corruption, and loss of human values. When money becomes the main goal in life, people are willing to sacrifice moral values to achieve their goals. When individuals feel exploited or poorly treated, they will feel pain and dissatisfaction. "It is possible that although personal suffering may reduce the ability to act prosocially, its impact on moral reasoning may vary” [14].
4.2 Distinguishing professional ethics in social life
Humans have created many social systems through family, religion, state, and business. Each of these systems has its own rules and goals, which shape the roles and behaviors of its members. Throughout history, humans have distinguished themselves based on superficial characteristics such as skin color or ethnic origin; classifying people this way is unscientific to many tragedies. Race is not the only biological factor determining a person's abilities and qualities. Individual behavior and choices are important factors that make a difference, so do not judge a person based on their appearance; consider their inner nature and actions through their living habits, such as traditions, precepts, laws, and regulations. Social institutions (species) such as family, religion, state, and business play an essential role in shaping human behavior. However, these institutions can also become tools for exploitation and oppression. Humans must respect diversity, eliminate prejudice, and build a shared value system to achieve sustainable development goals. Shows that "they came to you in sheep's clothing; but inside, they are ferocious wolves greedy for prey" [12].
When people use the behavior of a particular group as a standard to judge others, those who are not part of that group are easily discriminated against and labeled negatively. If people only value traditional family values, those who live differently will be considered “outsiders” and not accepted. However, focusing too much on a small group can isolate each person from others to take advantage of many opportunities to learn and experience. Conflict between different social roles is also a problem that many people face. When choosing between pursuing personal passions and meeting family expectations, each person often feels confused and conflicted. Humans are social creatures; people always want to belong to a community. However, balancing different social roles and respecting human diversity is paramount. “From one side, they want to search for sources of material happiness, or otherwise, more spiritual happiness. The strategy may not be to explore this fragility to sell more, but, on the contrary, to develop deeper relationships” [8].
In modern society, transactions and exchanges dominate almost every aspect of life. The sale of labor for money has become a common form of exchange. However, besides commercial transactions, people maintain relationships based on affection and responsibility, such as within the family. Family, religion, state, and business are important social institutions, each with its own rules and values. Members of each institution have specific roles and responsibilities. In the family, parents are responsible for raising their children are responsible for their parents. Human survival instincts have shaped different social roles. The division of labor and specialization help societies develop and meet human survival needs. However, this specialization can also lead to isolation and a lack of cohesion among individuals. Human society is a complex system in which individuals are both part of a community and independent individuals. Building a harmonious society requires people to balance personal needs and common interests while respecting the diversity of life values. The existence and interaction of social organizations such as family, religion, state, and enterprise all depend on a system of rules. These rules may change over time and space. They always play an essential role in maintaining order and ensuring the stability of society; life is a continuous series of interactions between organisms and the environment. Species have a specific role in the ecosystem. The division of labor and specialization help species to coexist and develop. Competition for resources is also an inevitable factor.
Material and power inequality has created many social problems. Comparing yourself to others, especially regarding success and social status, can lead to negative emotions such as jealousy and dissatisfaction. “Inequitable development breeds social inequity and perpetuates poverty, and as a form of adaptation, several women resort to submission and silence in the face of discomfort” [15]. People must respect diversity, eliminate prejudices, and build a shared value system to achieve sustainable development goals. Each individual has their value and contributes to the development of the community. The role and responsibility of each individual in society is the survival instinct of their fellow human beings, often shaped by the community to which they belong. Whether in the family, religion, state, or business, each person has rights and obligations. This diversity creates richness for society but also leads to inequality. Social norms play an essential role in evaluating and classifying human activities. However, the absoluteness of these norms can lead to rigidity and limit creativity. When each person focuses too much on achieving specific standards, each person can lose the true nature and value of life. Social stratification is common in all societies; economic factors and influences often determine a person's social status; people must respect diversity and build a shared value system to achieve sustainable development goals. “The need to encourage multicultural planning to ensure cultural diversity in certain neighborhoods to encourage intellectual openness and coexistence of diverse individuals with each other” [16]. Every individual has the right to live a meaningful life and contribute to the development of the community.
Everyone, whether a patriarch, a priest, an official, or a businessman, is an independent individual with his own needs and abilities. Each person will inevitably interact with and influence each other. However, when competition and ambition are too great, people are prone to fall into a state of appropriation and exploitation of each other. Social norms are created to guide and regulate human behavior. These norms can limit freedom and creativity when they become rigid and arbitrary. “Humans have a certain degree of freedom in choosing their lifestyle, but the laws of nature always limit those choices” [17]. Forcing others to follow a particular way of life is unethical. Diversity is a characteristic of human society. People need to respect differences and learn from each other. People can build a more peaceful and prosperous society when they understand and sympathize with others. Everyone has the right to live as they see fit, as long as it does not harm others. Balancing individual interests and the public good is a significant challenge for every society. "Future work should focus on exploring advanced technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and artificial intelligence to create more engaging" [18].
Competition and conflict over positions and occupations are becoming increasingly fierce, with severe consequences. Using rigid standards to evaluate and classify people has created social barriers that make many feel unfair and angry. Automation and artificial intelligence are profoundly changing the labor market. While they bring many benefits, they also pose new challenges, especially for those in manual or low-skilled jobs. The imbalance between economic and political forces has left many powerless and anxious about the future. Large corporations and government agencies have too much power, while the rights of ordinary people are often ignored. "This social capital can enhance the effectiveness of poverty alleviation efforts as families and communities work together to maximize the program's benefits and create sustainable improvements in their socioeconomic conditions" [19]. Building a fair and sustainable society requires people to restructure the economic and social system, ensuring everyone can develop and fully exercise their rights. At the same time, people need to adjust the automation to minimize negative impacts on the labor market. Every job, from simple daily work to complex work requiring high expertise, results from human creativity and labor. People need to respect the diversity of occupations. In competition and development, people often compare and distinguish each other based on many criteria, such as occupation, causing unnecessary conflicts.
Similarly, every occupation plays an essential role in the social ecosystem, and discrimination based on standards and income has unbalanced the relationship between occupations. “Freedom of labor is a part of the employment business, creating income and profit and dividing society into involuntary, lazy workers, leading to inequality and social imbalance” [20]. Money becomes a tool to measure the value of labor to injustice and conflict. Humans must build a more equitable society where everyone can develop to achieve sustainable development. Humans need to protect the environment for the planet's survival. "Extending this understanding to the level of environmental disasters is pertinent since, by unrestrainedly exploiting natural resources in search of profit, many organizations expose entire populations to the imminence of disasters, directly or indirectly, populations that are susceptible to having their fundamental rights violated" [21]. It can be said that survival is the performance of natural functions that become the performance of tasks in the division of social labor. Different occupations, positions in family life, religion, state, and company have caused different customs, habits, and needs, causing different differentiation between people. The ability of one species is the survival need of another species; that is the truth of living and protecting one's kind. However, when we do not protect each other, we force each other's lives with money, truth and falsehood, good and evil, and justice and injustice appear. The contradiction in social life due to uncontrolled money regulation and unfair distribution is the cause of unsustainable social development.
4.3 Money to compete for development, ethics to cooperate to achieve sustainable development goals
Take real society as a starting point to understand what makes up individual diversity, from differences in abilities and needs to more abstract concepts such as creativity, freedom, responsibility, good and evil, truth and lies, justice and injustice. Social norms are often digitized through numbers, charts, and money. Money is the medium of exchange and the measure of everything, from the value of goods and services to social status, power, and even morality. Quantifying everything in terms of money has created a society where the value of people and lives is often judged through an economic lens. Inequality of wealth leads to inequality of opportunity, power, and influence. It raises questions about the nature of value and the meaning of life in a society where money plays a significant role. Reality shows that "cheating, extortion, threats, blackmail, violence to solve and exploit the victim are the crimes that are most often resorted to when dealing with people" [22].
Humans are creative subjects and are influenced by many factors, including money. Property ownership, especially money, creates a gap between rich and poor, power and influence, leading to social stratification. The distinction between rich and poor affects material living conditions and profoundly impacts opportunities, power, and how people perceive the world. The rich often have more choices in life, while the poor face many difficulties and injustices. Money is not only a means of exchange but also a measure of value, power, and morality, leading to a situation where "money can buy everything," overshadowing human and moral values. Modern life is associated with exchanging work for money and vice versa. This close connection between work and money only partially reflects the value of people and work. Having a job often means having an income, but not everyone can find a job that suits their abilities and interests. In modern consumer society, money has become the measure of everything, from the value of goods and services to social status, causing many people to consider money as the ultimate goal of life, and work is just a means to achieve that goal. However, paying little attention to money can cause life to lose meaning and value. The value of money is the value of the state that issues money. Money is the ability and need for the state to develop and survive. Countries' foreign policy is to maintain prices and ensure that currency is issued. Money is the measure of the development of society. The dominance of a species is the dominance of money. When working in different professions, individuals often choose between truth and lies, good and evil, justice and injustice.
People tend to act in ways that benefit themselves, but this does not mean they always do evil. “Rapid changes in modern society, with issues such as gender imbalance, gender diversity, and health challenges, have raised many questions about the role of religion and its teachings expressed in language" [23]. In modern society, where money plays an important role, the line between good and evil sometimes becomes blurred. Money can motivate people to do good and a tool for evil. The transition between good and evil is often linked to making money, leading to a situation where many people consider money a measure of success and are willing to do anything to achieve their goals. The coldness of funds has created different social statuses for the excellent and the evil. The rich are often respected by society, while the poor are more easily discriminated against. Conversely, those with less money have more time to escape poverty. The current situation is "the emergency was reinforced by the adoption of plans to promote sustainable development and the eradication of poverty, further reinforcing the prior definition of means for reducing disaster risks, to in fact protect people" [21].
Money initially seemed to serve the needs of human life, but gradually, life itself revolved around making money. The obsession with money has deeply affected many aspects of society, from family, religion, and state to business. The passion for money has caused many people to lose traditional moral values. Families have broken down, religion has become a tool for making money, the state has become corrupt, and businesses are only interested in profit. Competition and profit are regulated by money. “Furthermore, fostering a strong green organizational culture should be a strategic priority for businesses aiming to optimize the benefits of external pressures on their sustainability initiatives. Companies that effectively integrate these elements are better positioned to lead in sustainable innovation” [24]. The growth between rich and poor creates an unjust society prone to internal conflicts and inconsistent actions in a society where money rules everything. Putting personal interests above the common good can threaten the sustainable development of society.
Meanwhile, as a means of exchange, money has become the driving force behind human behavior in modern society. Overemphasizing money-making has led to many social problems, from fierce competition to wealth inequality. Money is created, exchanged, and consumed, and in the process, it creates both opportunities and challenges. Money can be a tool for happiness but can also cause greed, selfishness, and crime. Even products regulated by money make modern weapons become commodities, and exploitation of resources, minerals, and ecological imbalances are controlled by money. The existence of money has created a social divide where the rich are powerful, and the poor are mistreated. The abolition of money could solve many of today's social problems. Human management becomes money management in the context of globalization, but the struggle for the monopoly of money becomes a competition over the price. This complex issue must be studied carefully before deciding.
Money has long been considered a means of exchange, a measure of value, and a driving force for development. In the race to get rich, people often forget that money is just a means; the actual value of life lies in higher things. The relationship between money and morality is a complex one. People can invest in social projects and support the less fortunate. Money can cause many social problems, such as corruption, inequality, and moral degradation, if not used properly. To achieve the goal of sustainable social development, each person needs to build a society that uses money responsibly and effectively, requiring each individual, business, and government to have a sense of social responsibility and to put the interests of the community above personal interests. Some solutions include ethics education, building responsible businesses, fair tax policies, and increasing transparency. Ethics education should be respected, helping people form correct values and distinguish right from wrong and good from evil. Building responsible businesses encourages companies to carry out activities for the community, protect the environment, and create high-quality products and services. Money and ethics are not two opposing concepts but two complementary concepts. To achieve the goal of sustainable social development, each person needs to find a balance between creating material wealth and protecting spiritual values. Each person contributes to building a happy society.
Cooperation is necessary to achieve the goal of sustainable development. Society needs many feasible solutions, such as building a healthy competitive environment, encouraging collaboration, investing in education and training, and strengthening the state's role in social security policies, renewable energy, and organic agriculture. A healthy competitive environment creates a fair, transparent playing field and encourages innovation. At the same time, there should be clear regulations to limit unfair competition behaviors such as monopoly and commercial fraud. Encourage cooperation to enhance cooperation between businesses, between businesses and governments, and between countries. Cooperation can focus on research and development, technology, and environmental protection. Invest in education to improve the quality of human resources, create a highly qualified workforce with an awareness of sustainable development, and develop standards to establish production and business to ensure that economic activities are carried out responsibly. Support small enterprises to encourage them to maximize their potential. Supportive policies are needed to help these enterprises access capital, technology, and markets. In particular, enterprises compete to produce renewable energy products efficiently and at competitive prices. At the same time, these enterprises cooperate to share technology and build innovative power grid systems. Farmers compete to produce high-quality agricultural products. At the same time, they cooperate to develop sustainable supply chains and protect the environment.
The purpose of the species is survival. Any object that brings survival has value. Value is life. Life is a choice. It is choosing the proper object to survive. The helplessness of one person becomes the misfortune of another, putting others in danger. They are transforming other species in every possible form for daily use. Helplessness makes people become means to each other. People exploit each other and become the common property of individuals. People become means to each other when differences between individuals appear. There is a common purpose; each individual is a means, the mission of maintaining the existence of humanity; it becomes a matter of human rights. With different purposes, one individual is the goal, and another is the means, making society distinguish between truth and falsehood, good and evil, justice and injustice. The confusion between means and ends becomes the distinction between subject and product. “The subject is the cause, and the effect is the product. Humans are both subjects and human products” [25]. Humans are not only products of humans but also products of goods and money. Money is necessary for competitive development, but its consequences cause resource depletion, social division, and distortion of creativity. Therefore, morality becomes human existence, which is the goal of sustainable development.
According to the perspective of humanistic and social philosophy, every perceived, established, and produced product serves human life. Still, the product's existence divides people: one part is satisfied with the product, and one part opposes the product, making the product, instead of serving sustainable development, go against humanity; that is, people fight each other. The indiscriminate exploitation of nature makes products obsolete when they become famous, redundant, and exaggerated. Products have value when people use, exploit, and satisfy them. From ancient times to the present, perception, creation, and production of products have not been considered great inventions, while human reproduction, creation, and production have been forgotten; without humans, everything becomes meaningless; humans make everything come alive, protecting the survival of fellow human beings is a sustainable development process.
Through the above analysis, we draw the following main conclusions:
First, all life has the same value to exist; species have a mutual relationship. The concept of evil in the relationship species is relative to the perspective.
Second, the survival instinct is the driving force of species, including humans. Protecting individuals' lives and maintaining species' existence is a natural law. However, humans have created the concepts of good and evil, right and wrong, in the struggle for survival.
Third, norms are rules of conduct that humans set to regulate behavior to protect their fellow humans. Adhering to norms becomes a way of behaving with them in social life, causing morality to be distorted and relative. Therefore, morality, culture, and social circumstances are often relative and change over time. The distinction between good and evil is sometimes ambiguous and controversial.
Fourth, money is a measure; good deeds and the results of evil deeds bring wealth. The confusion between good and evil, good and bad, justice and injustice in the commodity economy is inevitable. Ethics in the commodity economy is the truth that is respected.
Fifth, money has become a tool to measure value and power in modern society. Wealth inequality has created a significant social class, leading to many social problems; there is a misconception that money is the only measure of success. Money is a means of competition, while ethics is the goal of sustainability.
Sixth, to achieve the goal of sustainable development, a harmonious combination of competition and cooperation must exist. Competition will promote innovation and creativity, while cooperation will help solve common problems and create sustainable values for society.
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