Numerical investigation of pressure drop and heat transfer in pin fin heat sink and micro channel pin fin heat sink

Numerical investigation of pressure drop and heat transfer in pin fin heat sink and micro channel pin fin heat sink

Venkatesh Saravanan Chitradurga K. Umesh  Doddamani Hithaish  Kanakanahalli Seetharamu 

Department of Mechanical Engineering, BNMIT, Bangalore (560070), India

Department of Mechanical Engineering, UVCE, Bangalore (560001), India

Department of Mechanical Engineering, PESU, Bangalore (560085), India

Corresponding Author Email: 
saravanan.venkatesh@gmail.com
Page: 
267-276
|
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.18280/ijht.360136
Received: 
30 August 2017
| |
Accepted: 
2 Feburary 2018
| | Citation

OPEN ACCESS

Abstract: 

Cooling of miniature size electronic components has become challenging for designer in the development of integrated circuits. Micro pin fin heat sink and Micro channel pin fin heat sink is one of the thermal management technique for effective cooling. The paper presents comparison of fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics for micro pin fin heat sink and micro channel pin fin heat sink with UN finned micro channel heat sink. A Three Dimensional heat sink with water as coolant subjected to constant heat flux 10W/cm2, for Reynolds number ranging between100-900 is considered for study. Extended surfaces of different shapes namely square and circular with staggered arrangement is considered for both micro pin fin heat sink and micro channel pin fin heat sink. Two non-dimensional parameter namely nusselt number and thermal performance index is employed to access the performance of heat sink. Results indicate Micro channel pin fin heat sink has highest nusselt number and friction factor over the whole Reynolds number range. Results also revealed that formation of secondary vortices enhances heat transfer in micro channel heat sink with square pin fin compared to micro channel heat sink with circular pin fin. However pin fin heat sink has better thermal performance index compared to Micro channel pin fin heat sink and is more preferable when heat dissipation is compared with pressure drop penalty. The Governing equations for fluid and solid domain are solved using FLUENT 6.2 to study flow and heat transfer characteristics.

Keywords: 

micro channel, micro pin fin, heat sink, square pin fin, circular pin fin, fined micro channel

1. Introduction
2. Description of Physical Model
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusion
Nomenclature
  References

[1] Tuckerman DB, Pease RFW. (1981). High-performance heat sinking for VLSI, IEEE Electronic Devices Letters 2: pp. 126-129. https://doi.org/ 10.1109/EDL.1981.25367

[2] Shafeie H, Abouali O, Jafarpur K, Ahmadi G. (2013). Numerical study of heat transfer performance of single-phase heat sinks with micro pin-fin structures, Applied Thermal Engineering 58: 68-76. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.04.008

[3] Izcia T, Koza M, Koşara A. (2015). The effect of micro pin-fin shape on thermal and hydraulic performance of micro pin-fin heat sinks, Heat Transfer Engineering 36(17): 1447-1457. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/01457632.2015.1010921

[4] Hasan MI. (2014). Investigation of flow and heat transfer characteristics in micro pin-fin heat sink with nanofluid, Applied Thermal Engineering 63: 598-607. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.11.059

[5] Sohail RR, Abas A, Dulikravich GS, Pacheco CC, Genesis V, Rajesh J, Marcelo JC, Helcio RBO. (2015). Multi-Objective Optimization Of Micro Pin-Fin Arrays For Cooling Of High Heat Flux Electronics With a Hot Spot Proceedings of the ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems and ASME. https://doi.org/ 10.1115/IPACK2015-48242

[6] Abdoli A, Jimenez G, Dulikravich GS. (2015). Thermo-fluid analysis of micro pin-fin array cooling configurations for high heat fluxes with a hot spot, International Journal of Thermal Sciences 90: 290-297. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2014.12.021

[7] Rubio-Jimenez CA, Kandlikar SG, Hernandez-Guerrero A. (2012). Numerical analysis of novel micro pin fin heat sink with variable fin density IEEE transactions on components. Packaging And Manufacturing technology 2(5): 825-833. https://doi.org/ 10.1109/TCPMT.2012.2189925

[8] Liu ZG, Guan N, Zhang CW, Jiang GL. (2015). The flow resistance and heat transfer characteristics of micro pin-fins with different cross-sectional shapes. Nanoscale and Microscale Thermo Physical Engineering 19: 221–243. https://doi.org/ 0.1080/15567265.2015.1073820

[9] Peles Y, Kosar A, Mishra C, Kuo CJ, Schneider B. (2005). Forced convective heat transfer across a pin-fin micro heat sink. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 48: 3615-3620. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.03.017

[10] Zhao HX, Liu ZG, Zhang CW, Guan N, Zhao HH. (2016). Pressure drop and friction factor of a rectangular channel with staggered mini pin fins of different shapes. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 71: 57-69. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2015.10.010 

[11] John TJ, Mathew B, Hegab H. (2010). Parametric study on the combined thermal and hydraulic performance of single phase micro pin-fin heat sinks part I: Square and circle geometries. International Journal of Thermal Science 49: 2177–2190. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2010.06.011

[12] Kosar A, Peles Y. (2006). Thermal-hydraulic performance of MEMS-based pin fin heat sink. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer 128: 121-131. https://doi.org/ 10.1115/1.2137760

[13] Sahin B, Demir A. (2008). Performance analysis of a heat exchanger having perforated square fins. Applied Thermal Engineering 28: 621-632. https://doi.org/ /10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2007.04.003

[14] Judy J, Maynes D, Webb BW. (2002). Characterization of frictional pressure drop for liquid flows through micro channels. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 45: 3477–3489. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S0017-9310(02)00076-5

[15] Lee PS, Garimella SV, Liu D. (2005). Investigation of heat transfer in rectangular microchannels. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 48: 1688–1704. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2004.11.019 

[16] Croce G, D’agaro P, Nonino C. (2007). Three-dimensional roughness effect on microchannel heat transfer and pressure drop. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 50: 5249–5259. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2007.06.021

[17] Qu WL, Mohiuddin Mala Gh, Li DQ. (2000). Heat transfer for water flow in trapezoidal silicon micro channels. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 43: 3925-3936. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S0017-9310(00)00045-4

[18] Qu WL, Mudawar I. (2002). Experimental and numerical study of pressure drop and heat transfer in a single-phase micro-channel heat sink international. Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 45: 2549–2565. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S0017-9310(01)00337-4

[19] Lelea D, Nishio S, Takano K. (2004). The experimental research on micro tube heat transfer and fluid flow of distilled water. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 47: 2817–2830. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2003.11.034

[20] Chein RY, Chen JH. (2009). Numerical study of the inlet/outlet arrangement effect on microchannel heat sink performance. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 48: 1627–1638. https://doi.org/ /10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2008.12.019

[21] Harms TM, Kazmierczak MJ, Gerner FM. (1999). Developing convective heat transfer in deep rectangular microchannels. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 20: 149-157. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S0142-727X(98)10055-3

[22] Morini GL. (2004). Single-phase convective heat transfer in microchannels a review of experimental results. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 43: 631–651. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2004.01.003

[23] Peng XF, Peterson GP, Wang BX. (1994). Frictional flow characteristics of water flowing through rectangular microchannels. Experimental Heat Transfer 7: 249-264. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/08916159408946484

[24] Wu HY, Cheng P. (2003). An experimental study of convective heat transfer in silicon micro channels with different surface conditions. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 46: 2547–2556. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S0017-9310(03)00035-8

[25] Shah RK, London AL. (1978).  Laminar flow forced convection in ducts. A Source Book for Compact Heat Exchanger Analytical Data, Suppl. 1, Academic press, New York.

[26] Zhang FL, Sunden B, Zhang WH, Xie GN. (2015). Constructal parallel-flow and counterflow microchannel heat sinks with bifurcations, Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A 68: 1087–1105. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/10407782.2015.1023148

[27] Munson BR, Young DF, Okiishi TH. (1998) Fundamental of Fluid Mechanics, 3rd.Wiley, New York, 591–610.

[28] Yadav V, Baghel K, Kumar R, Kadam ST. (2016). Numerical investigation of heat transfer in extended surface. Microchannels International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 93: 612–622. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.10.023

[29] Seyf HR, Feizbakhshi M. (2012). Computational analysis of nanofluid effects on convective heat transfer enhancement of micro-pin-fin heat sink. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 58: 168-179. https://doi.org/ /10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2012.02.02

[30]  Srivastava P, Dewan A, Bajpai JK. (2017). Flow and heat transfer characteristics in convergent-divergent shaped microchannel with ribs and cavities. International Journal of Heat and Technology 35(4): 863-873. https://doi.org/ 10.18280/ijht.350423

[31] Al-Rashed AAAA, Kolsi L, Oztop HF, Abu-Hamdeh N, Borjini MN. (2017). Natural convection and entropy production in a cubic cavity heated via pin-fins heat sinks, International journal of heat and Technology 35(1): 109-115. https://doi.org/ 10.18280/ijht.350115